Immunology Vocabulary:
1. bacteria- one-celled organisms, single or in chains
2.tuberculosis-Disease that affects any tissue of body especially the lungs
3.immunology-the branch of science dealing with the components of the immune system
4. immunization-the fact or process of becoming immune, as against a disease.
5. macrophage- a large white blood cell, occurring principally in connective tissue and in the bloodstream, that ingests foreign particles and infectious microorganisms by phagocytosis.
6.phagocytosis-the process by which a cell, such as a white blood cell, ingests microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles
7.lymphocytes-a type of white blood cell having a large, spherical nucleus surrounded by a thin layer of nongranular cytoplasm.
8. T cells - A principal type of white blood cell that completes maturation in the thymus and that has various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells.
9.B cells- A type of lymphocyte that, when stimulated by a particular antigen, differentiates into plasma cells that synthesize the antibodies that circulate in the blood and react with the specific antigens
.10. antibiotic-a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.
11. pathogens-disease causing organism
12. antibodies-By becoming attached to antigens on infectious organisms antibodies can render them harmless or cause them to be destroyed
13. polio-"inflammation," so called because the gray matter in the spinal cord is inflamed, which causes paralysis.
14. virus-a segment of self-replicating code planted illegally in a computer program, often to damage or shutdown a system or network.
15. antigen-any substance that can stimulate the production of antibodies and combine specifically with them.
16. pandemic-epidemic over a large area.
17. influenza-an acute commonly epidemic disease, occurring in several forms, caused by numerous rapidly mutating viral strains and characterized by respiratory symptoms and general prostration.
18. prions-a tiny protein aceous particle, likened to viruses and viroids, but having no genetic component, thought to be an infectious agent in bovine sponge form encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and similar encephalopathies.
1. Tuberculosis is a disease affecting Lungs. ___
2. What do macrophages attack? ___Bacterium _
3. Streptomycin is an antibiotic that works against what disease? ___TB
4. Who was Robert Koch?
-He was a scientist who discovered tuberculosis and was the father of microbiology.
5. What is immunization and how does immunization work?
Immunization is the process of becoming immune or fight against a disease. This works through vaccination, it makes your body recognize the disease and fight it.
6. How do T-cells and B-cells help the immune system remember pathogens?
The T-Cells get the information needed and transfers it into the B-Cells which form the plasma cell creates the antibodies and together they enable to kill bacteria.
7. What is the difference between bacteria and viruses?
One of the biggest differences between the bacteria and the virus is that viruses must have a living host, like a plant or animals to multiply while most bacteria can grow on non living organisms.
8. Polio and influenza are caused by 3 types of virus. _________
9. How do antibiotics fight disease?
-Antibiotics work to kill bacteria.-An antibiotic is a selective poison. It has been chosen so that it will kill the desired bacteria, but not the cells in your body.
10. Why are antibiotics NOT effective against viruses?
-They do not have effect on viruses as viruses are non-living and have different components compared to bacteria.
11. Discuss why the development of sanitation methods has been effective in fighting diseases.
-the development of sanitation methods have been effective in fighting diseases because we have gotten more access to medicine and public bathrooms have the utilities in which we can touch them less, the sinks are movement activated as well as most of the utilities in public places. We have more resources to keep clean as well which in we can spread less germs around.
2. What do macrophages attack? ___Bacterium _
3. Streptomycin is an antibiotic that works against what disease? ___TB
4. Who was Robert Koch?
-He was a scientist who discovered tuberculosis and was the father of microbiology.
5. What is immunization and how does immunization work?
Immunization is the process of becoming immune or fight against a disease. This works through vaccination, it makes your body recognize the disease and fight it.
6. How do T-cells and B-cells help the immune system remember pathogens?
The T-Cells get the information needed and transfers it into the B-Cells which form the plasma cell creates the antibodies and together they enable to kill bacteria.
7. What is the difference between bacteria and viruses?
One of the biggest differences between the bacteria and the virus is that viruses must have a living host, like a plant or animals to multiply while most bacteria can grow on non living organisms.
8. Polio and influenza are caused by 3 types of virus. _________
9. How do antibiotics fight disease?
-Antibiotics work to kill bacteria.-An antibiotic is a selective poison. It has been chosen so that it will kill the desired bacteria, but not the cells in your body.
10. Why are antibiotics NOT effective against viruses?
-They do not have effect on viruses as viruses are non-living and have different components compared to bacteria.
11. Discuss why the development of sanitation methods has been effective in fighting diseases.
-the development of sanitation methods have been effective in fighting diseases because we have gotten more access to medicine and public bathrooms have the utilities in which we can touch them less, the sinks are movement activated as well as most of the utilities in public places. We have more resources to keep clean as well which in we can spread less germs around.